Kiffmeister’s #Fintech Daily Digest (20260416)

April 16, 2026April 16, 2026 ~ kiffmeister ~ Leave a comment

Factors that Promote Adoption and Use of a CBDC Wallet in Peru (IDEAS)

Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (BCRP) economists examined the determinants of adoption and usage of Peru’s retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) pilot, implemented through Viettel’s BiPay digital wallet beginning in October 2024, focusing on eight regions with low financial inclusion. Based on individual-level survey data, active CBDC usage was positively associated with awareness of the BCRP’s role in the pilot, wallet satisfaction, knowledge of functionalities, and prior digital wallet use, while self-employment was negatively associated, plausibly due to the pilot’s closed-loop, non-interoperable design. Targeted advertising significantly increased merchant adoption, active user counts, and bill payment volumes, with merchant network expansion identified as a key transmission channel. The authors conclude that retail CBDC scaling requires attention to both sides of the payment market — user-facing communication and financial incentives on the demand side, merchant onboarding on the supply side — with interoperability remaining a persistent structural barrier to broader adoption. [IDEAS]

South Korean Government to Test Tokenized Deposits on Disbursements (MOEF)

South Korea’s Ministry of Economy and Finance (MOEF) will run a regulatory sandbox pilot in Sejong City to use distributed ledger technology (DLT) based tokenized bank deposits for day‑to‑day government operational spending, testing preset time, amount, and category controls on expenses to improve oversight and reduce misuse, with legal and regulatory changes and nationwide rollout targeted from Q4 2026 as part of a broader plan to digitize around a quarter of treasury disbursements by 2030, building on an earlier tokenized‑deposit subsidy pilot for EV charging infrastructure. https://cointelegraph.com/news/south-korea-pilot-tokenized-deposits-government-spending [MOEF]

Tether Launches tether.wallet Self-Custodial Digital Wallet (Tether)

Tether has launched tether.wallet, a self‑custodial digital wallet intended to extend its stablecoin‑based payment infrastructure directly to end users in over 160 countries. The product aggregates access to Tether’s digital dollars (USD₮, USA₮), gold (XAU₮), and Bitcoin across multiple networks, abstracts away gas‑token management, and enables transfers via simple human‑readable identifiers, reducing frictions that have limited previous wallet adoption. This move potentially deepens dollarization dynamics in high‑inflation and underbanked jurisdictions while bypassing bank‑intermediated channels. [Tether]

Central Banks of UAE and Philippines Agree to Link Instant Payment Systems (CBUAE)

The Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates (CBUAE) and the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to support broader cooperation on financial infrastructure and payments connectivity. This includes working to integrate their instant payment platforms to enable seamless cross-border payment transactions. The MoU also provides for collaboration on central bank digital currency (CBDC) initiatives, including sharing expertise on the development of CBDC platforms for individuals and institutions. [CBUAE]

FYI I produce a monthly digest of digital fiat currency (DFC) developments exclusively for the official sector (e.g., central banks, ministries of finance and international financial institution (e.g., the BIS, IMF, OECD, World Bank)) plus academics and firms that are active in the DFC space (commercial banks, technology providers, consultants, etc.). (DFCs include central bank digital currency (CBDC), stablecoins and tokenized deposits.) It goes out via email on the first business day of every month, and if you’re interested in being on the mailing list, please email me at john@kiffmeister.com.

Kiffmeister’s #Fintech Daily Digest (20260405)

April 5, 2026April 8, 2026 ~ kiffmeister ~ Leave a comment

Is Nigeria’s eNaira Dead? (Cryptonews)

[October 22, 2025] Nigeria’s eNaira has effectively slipped into a quiet death, with official channels and infrastructure fading away even as authorities stop short of formally killing the project. The mobile apps have disappeared from major app stores, the USSD access channel no longer works, leaving users locked out or unable to complete basic actions. And the eNaira’s official website returns a “404 Web Site not found” message and the official social media presence has been silent since 2023. [Cryptonews]

Question to readers: Should the eNaira be classified as “canceled” in the CBDCTracker.org database? The story above is old, but everything it says is now current.

Innovations and the Layering of Money and Payments (SAFE)

In a Sustainable Architecture for Finance in Europe (SAFE) working paper, Ulrich Bindseil argues that technological innovation is reshaping but not abolishing the hierarchical “layering” of money and payment ledgers, with central bank money remaining the ultimate anchor. He develops a typology of ledger layers and balance‑sheet structures, then applies it to central bank digital currency (CBDC), instant payment systems, public blockchains, tokenized multi‑asset platforms, expanded non‑bank access to central bank accounts, and stablecoins, finding that most proposals reorganize tiers rather than create a genuinely flat architecture. This matters because optimal layering balances efficiency, risk allocation, and governance: central banks should preserve singleness of money via a senior public ledger while selectively widening access and modernizing regulation to manage new operational and financial risks. The key unresolved question is how far to extend base‑layer access and programmability without undermining the advantages of a two‑tier banking system or overburdening central banks’ risk‑management role. [SAFE vis SSRN]

Kiffmeister’s #Fintech Daily Digest (20260304)

March 4, 2026March 5, 2026 ~ kiffmeister

The New Financial Ecosystem and the Role of Central Banks (BOJ)

Bank of Japan (BOJ) Governor Ueda Kazuo provided updates to the central bank’s digital payments projects. The BOJ is still investigating retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) with an eye towards providing a “digital form of cash” if needed, and has set up (and now plans to reorganize) a CBDC Forum to draw on private‑sector expertise and consider the future of payments more broadly. Internationally, the BOJ is participating in Project Agorá, exploring tokenized deposits and smart‑contract‑based cross‑border interbank payments on blockchains, and domestically it has launched a sandbox to test settlement in central bank current account balances on blockchain‑based systems, including links to existing infrastructures and use cases such as interbank and securities settlement. [BOJ]

Digital Pound Design Phase Progress Update (BOE)

The Bank of England (BOE) published a progress update on the digital pound design phase, which is focusing on four workstreams: a joint assessment of need, policy and public‑interest impacts, commercial viability, and operational feasibility; a detailed blueprint covering product design, roles of intermediaries, interoperability in a multi‑money ecosystem, product roadmap, alias services and offline functionality; targeted experiments and proofs of concept (including a prototype ledger architecture and the Digital Pound Lab, where firms test use cases such as POS payments, conditional B2B payments, tourist wallets and programmable features via allowances and locks); and extensive engagement with industry, academia and civil society to refine requirements, privacy protections and user safeguards. This work is tightly linked to the UK National Payments Vision and the new Retail Payments Infrastructure Board, with an emphasis on interoperability between bank deposits, tokenized deposits, stablecoins and a potential digital pound, and on preserving access to cash, prohibiting “programmable money”, and embedding strong privacy and data‑protection guarantees in both law and system architecture. The design phase runs to 2026, and the Bank and HM Treasury plan to publish the blueprint assessment and a decision on whether to proceed with building a digital pound later in 2026. [BOE]

Kraken Becomes First Crypto Company to Secure a Fed Master Account (CoinDesk)

Kraken has become the first crypto firm to obtain a Federal Reserve master account, granted to its banking subsidiary Kraken Financial under a Wyoming special-purpose bank charter, with oversight by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. The account gives Kraken direct access to Fedwire, the Fed’s core interbank payment network, eliminating its previous reliance on partner banks to handle U.S. dollar settlements and enabling faster deposits and withdrawals for large traders and institutional clients. The approval is limited in scope, however, as Kraken will not earn interest on reserves nor have access to the Fed’s emergency lending facilities, unlike traditional banks. [CoinDesk]

Stablecoins and Monetary Policy Transmission (ECB)

The European Central Bank (ECB) published a paper on rising stablecoin adoption’s impact on monetary policy by reshaping banks’ funding structures and, in turn, the strength and composition of transmission channels. As stablecoins alter banks’ liability mix towards wholesale funding, the traditional bank lending channel is strengthened (through tighter funding constraints) but the deposit channel is weakened (by changing how deposit rates and quantities react to policy rates), thereby undermining the predictability of the overall pass‑through from policy rates to financial conditions. If foreign‑currency (especially USD‑pegged) stablecoins became widely used in the euro area, they would increase banks’ reliance on foreign‑currency wholesale funding and “import” foreign monetary and risk conditions into domestic liquidity and spending, eroding monetary sovereignty and making it harder for the central bank to stabilize inflation and output, particularly in stress episodes. [ECB]

Upcoming Speaking Engagements:

The Digital Euro Conference 2026 (Frankfurt, March 26) will explore the future of money with a focus on CBDCs, stablecoins, and commercial bank tokens. This hybrid event offers the perfect platform to understand the future of digital money! [Register here and get 20% off the regular ticket price by using the Kiffmeister20 code!]

I produce a monthly digest of digital fiat currency (DFC) developments exclusively for the official sector (e.g., central banks, ministries of finance and international financial institution (e.g., the BIS, IMF, OECD, World Bank)) plus academics and firms that are active in the DFC space (commercial banks, technology providers, consultants, etc.). (DFCs include central bank digital currency (CBDC), stablecoins and tokenized deposits.) It goes out via email on the first business day of every month, and if you’re interested in being on the mailing list, please email me at john@kiffmeister.com.

Kiffmeister’s #Fintech Daily Digest (20251220)

December 20, 2025December 20, 2025 ~ kiffmeister

European Council Gives Digital Euro the Provisional Green Light (European Council)

The Council of the European Union (“European Council”) has agreed on its positions on introducing a digital euro and clarifying the legal tender status of cash, for its negotiations with the European Parliament. The digital euro would complement physical cash, be backed by the European Central Bank (ECB), and available for payments across the euro area by potentially 2029, with limits on holdings to prevent it being used as a store of value and mandatory free basic services for consumers. Once the proposal to establish the legal framework is adopted by the European Parliament and Council, it will ultimately be for the ECB to decide whether to issue the digital euro. The second position aims to strengthen cash by effectively banning its non-acceptance by retailers (with exceptions for online and unmanned sales), requiring member states to monitor cash acceptance and access, and establishing cash resilience plans for electronic payment disruptions. The Council will now begin negotiations with the European Parliament on both regulations. [Source: European Council]

Federal Reserve Board Proposes Limited-Purpose “Payment Account” (FRB)

The U.S. Federal Reserve Board (FRB) is seeking public comment on a new “payment account” designed for eligible financial institutions to use specifically for clearing and settling payments. Unlike traditional master accounts, payment accounts, holders could only maintain limited overnight balances (lesser of $500 million or 10% of total assets), would receive no interest on balances, and would have no access to the discount window or intraday credit. These accounts would only support specific payment services (Fedwire Funds, FedNow, National Settlement Service, and Fedwire Securities free transfers) that have automated controls to prevent overdrafts, while excluding services like FedACH and check processing. The streamlined account is intended to reduce risks to the Federal Reserve system while providing faster access (generally within 90 days) for legally eligible institutions that primarily need payment clearing and settlement capabilities rather than full banking services. Notably, it does not widen eligibility standards beyond those already in place for regular master account access. [Source: FRB]

Upcoming Speaking Engagements:

Kiffmeister’s #Fintech Daily Digest (20251021)

October 21, 2025October 21, 2025 ~ kiffmeister

Oddo BHF Launches its First Euro-Backed Stablecoin (Blockstories)

Oddo Berliner Handels- und Frankfurter (Oddo BHF) became one of the first European banks to launch a stablecoin with the launch of its EUROD. According to Blockstories, approval was given by Autorité de Contrôle Prudentiel et de Résolution (ACPR), the French banking supervisor. This also makes Oddo BHF the first European bank not to set up a segregated reserve for a bank-issued stablecoin, which means that the stablecoin’s reserves appear on Oddo BHF’s balance sheet and can be integrated into the bank’s fractional-reserve system. Currently only Japan’s, Singapore’s, and the European Union’s stablecoin regulations allow credit institutions to issue stablecoins directly backed by their balance sheets. [Source: Oddo BHF and Blockstories]

Embracing New Technologies and Players in Payments (FRB)

U.S. Federal Reserve Board (FRB) Governor Waller introduced the concept of a “skinny” master account, or payment account, at the FRB’s Payments Innovation Conference. The proposal envisions making basic Federal Reserve (Fed) payment services available to legally eligible institutions focused on payments innovation, especially those that do not require full access to the traditional master account’s suite of services. The skinny account would provide access to Fed payment rails but would come with key restrictions: it would not pay interest, could have balance caps, would lack daylight overdraft privileges, and would not allow discount window borrowing or access to all Fed services. The goal is to streamline account approval for lower-risk firms, helping payment innovators move faster while maintaining the safety and stability of Fed operations. This is presented as a prototype idea, and staff will solicit stakeholder feedback going forward. [Source: FRB]

GSMA and Leading African Operators Propose Minimum Requirements for Affordable 4G Smartphones (GSMA)

The Global System for Mobile Communications Association (GSMA) and six leading African mobile operators have announced a new initiative to establish minimum requirements for affordable entry-level 4G smartphones, aimed at accelerating digital inclusion across Africa. The proposal is part of the GSMA Handset Affordability Coalition and addresses smartphone affordability as the primary barrier to mobile internet adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa, where more than 3 billion people globally live within mobile broadband coverage but don’t use the internet. According to GSMA Intelligence, a $40 smartphone could enable an additional 20 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa to access mobile internet, while a $30 device could connect up to 50 million people. The initiative proposes baseline specifications for memory, RAM, camera quality, display size, battery performance, and other features to ensure viable 4G smartphone experiences at reduced costs. The GSMA will engage with manufacturers and technology companies to gain support for these affordable devices, while simultaneously calling on African governments to remove taxes on entry-level smartphones priced below $100, as VAT and import duties can increase device prices by more than 30% in some countries. [Source: GSMA]

Upcoming Speaking Engagements:

Stablecoin C-Suite Summit (New York City on November 14-15) will be the definitive conference for exploring the future of digital money and intelligent payments. The event brings together founders, C-level executives, investors, policymakers, and developers for two immersive days of talks, panels, and networking. This be the place to be if you’re building, backing, or regulating the next wave of programmable finance. [Register here]

The Digital Euro Conference 2026 (Frankfurt, March 26) will explore the future of money with a focus on CBDCs, stablecoins, and commercial bank tokens. This hybrid event offers the perfect platform to understand the future of digital money! When you register, get 20% off the regular ticket price by using the Kiffmeister20 code! [register here]

Kiffmeister’s #Fintech Daily Digest (20250516)

May 16, 2025May 16, 2025 ~ kiffmeister

Judge Rejects SEC and Ripple’s Bid to Rework XRP Settlement (Decrypt)

U.S. District Judge Analisa Torres denied a joint bid by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Ripple Labs to approve their recent agreement to drop their appeals and end a four-year legal battle, citing procedural errors. The SEC and Ripple had filed for an indicative ruling, a non-binding signal from the court that it would accept a deal dissolving Ripple’s injunction and reducing its $125 million fine to $50 million. But it bypassed Rule 60 of civil procedure, which governs relief from final judgments, and failed to demonstrate the “exceptional circumstances” required under that standard. However, Ripple’s Chief Legal Officer Stuart Alderoty said that “Ripple and the SEC are fully in agreement to resolve this case and will revisit this issue with the Court, together”. [Read more at X]

ECB sets back deadline for non-bank PSP access to TARGET (ECB)

The European Central Bank (ECB) has postponed a deadline for allowing non-bank payment service providers (PSPs) to access central bank-operated payment systems, including the TARGET settlement and the TIPS instant retail payment systems. This decision is a result of delays in some euro area countries in transposing the required amendments to the Settlement Finality Directive (SFD) and Payment Services Directive (PSD2) into their national legislation. The postponement to October 2025 necessary to avoid legal risks. [Read more at the ECB]

Upcoming Speaking Engagements:

The CB+DC Conference (Nassau, Bahamas, September 9-11) is a premier gathering centered on CBDCs, tokenized assets, and stablecoins. It provides a forum for central bankers, commercial bankers, technology innovators, policymakers, and academics to explore the latest advancements in digital currency, engage with experts and peers, and discuss the future of digital currency. [Register here but before you do, email me at john@kiffmeister.com for a 15% discount]

And just a reminder that I produce a monthly digest of central bank digital currency (CBDC) developments exclusively for the official sector. So (only) if you work at a central bank, ministry of finance or international financial institution (e.g., the BIS, IMF, OECD, World Bank) and who would like to receive it by email on the first business day of every month, please DM me on LinkedIn or email me at john@kiffmeister.com.

Kiffmeister’s #Fintech Daily Digest (20250415)

April 15, 2025April 15, 2025 ~ kiffmeister

A formally defined model to describe and compare payment system architectures (BIS)

The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) proposed a formally defined model to represent three key functions of payment system architectures: issuance/withdrawal, holding and transfer of funds in a standardized manner. The model defines payment diagrams, using a precisely defined syntax. The paper illustrates the application of these diagrams for domestic and cross-border account transfers, as well as cash, card, e-money and stablecoin payments. However, the payment diagrams can be used for any type of funds and can be applied across different payment system architectures. It also demonstrates how the diagrams correspond to the balance sheet approach commonly used in economics, and that it offers added value by providing an end-to-end visualization of every stage of the payment journey. The model provides a tool for central banks, regulators and the payment industry to better understand and compare existing and new payment system architectures. [Read more at the BIS]

Fnality rolls out “earmarking” for programmable payments (Fnality)

Fnality has released a new “earmarking” feature that allows banks to program funds for release upon receipt of proof of an event elsewhere. For example, institutions will be able to systematically program when funds move in exchange for a specified asset, or a related market event. A proof is a cryptographically signed piece of data representing specific information from another system, triggering the release of the £FnPS’s digital representation of central bank funds. When an earmark is in place prior to its release, the funds remain on the originating participant’s balance sheet at all times. [Read more at Fnality]

Kiffmeister’s #Fintech Daily Digest (20250224)

February 24, 2025February 24, 2025 ~ kiffmeister

Binance.US restores US dollar deposits and withdrawals (Binance.US)

Binance.US has seen its US dollar fiat services restored, after the firm’s ability to handle USD deposits and withdrawals was choked off under the Biden administration. Users will be able to deposit and withdraw USD with zero fees using bank transfer (ACH) and continue buying, selling, converting and trading cryptocurrencies on the exchange. [Read more at Binance.US]

Interlinking fast payment systems to enhance cross-border payments (CPMI)

The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI) published a summary of the high-level findings of a July 2024 conference on expediting the interlinking of fast payment systems (FPSs). It found that emerging markets and developing economies have made considerable progress in fast payment adoption. As the number of domestic FPSs grow, opportunities are emerging to facilitate the cross-border interlinking of safe and efficient FPS. Work is under way in many jurisdictions to enhance FPS readiness to participate in such links, particularly to improve their functionality and align with messaging and compliance standards. Successful links to date have prioritized interoperability and smoothly managed coordination between the public and private sectors and among jurisdictions. It is expected that FPS links in the near term will be based on bilateral links, while over the longer term, these may coexist with more open and future-proof multilateral arrangements. Over time, the market will likely evolve to link between regional groupings (see https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/brief5.htm). [Read more at the BIS]

Open-source software in the context of fast payment systems (World Bank)

The World Bank published a paper that examines the use of open-source software (OSS) in the context of fast payment systems (FPSs), as well as relevant implementation models, risks, benefits, and costs. It identified only one live FPS using OSS for core functionalities, but interest is growing among payment system operators, particularly in initiatives such as Mojaloop. Moreover, some FPS operators may choose to use OSS for non-core components, making it crucial for both operators and regulators to be aware of the potential impacts that OSS may have, both positive and negative, on the overall efficiency and resilience of FPSs. While OSS offers advantages, such as cost savings from reduced licensing fees and the flexibility to customize systems, it also presents challenges. For example, institutions need significant in-house expertise for customization, maintenance, and operation and must align their long-term FPS goals with the chosen open-source solutions to ensure adaptability and scalability. [Read more at the World Bank]

Upcoming Speaking Engagements:

The Crypto Assets Conference (Frankfurt, March 26) will delve into the advancements in digital assets, tokenization, crypto assets, web3, and more, through insightful talks, interactive debates, and presentations by industry experts, founders, investors, and representatives from public institutions. [Register here]
The Digital Euro Conference 2025 (Frankfurt, March 27) will explore the future of money with a focus on CBDCs, stablecoins, tokenized deposits, and the intersection of AI and digital ID. When you register, get 20% off the regular ticket price by using the Kiffmeister20 code! [Register here]